The safety of deepwater risers is essential for sustainable operation of offshore platforms, which need to increase the accuracy of damage detection and fatigue estimation. The Baltic Sea pipeline will be an important contribution to the long-term security of supply and the energy partnership between the European Union and Russia, but lots of work is needed to protect the pipelines. The cost for repairs or replacement of subsea pipelines is much higher than for onshore pipelines. To ensure safe operation is paramount, and there are considerable maintenance methods that can be adopted. Oil and gas companies have a vast amounts of facilities and equipment. After more than 40 years, the gap between China and the world’s developed countries has gradually shrunk, especially in the areas of pipeline engineering design technology, construction level, operation management and maintenance, but China’s pipeline industry started relatively late and has developed slowly, and there are many considerable gaps in the pipeline coverage, service range, technical equipment and so on. The pipeline industry in China has developed along with the oil industry. Any metal losses or small defects in pipelines could cause serious accidents.
However, most pipelines are buried underground, where they are easily affected by humidity or pressure and are prone to deformation and corrosion. It is well known that most safest and effective way to transport oil-gas is to employ a pipeline system. Nowadays, petroleum and natural gas are key energy and chemical raw materials, which have a pivotal function in the life of people, industrial and agricultural production and national defense. The Significance of Pipeline Defect Detection
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